A review of livestock smart farming for sustainable food security

As the global community endeavours to reconcile the requirements of a burgeoning population with sustainable agricultural methodologies, challenges arise in sustaining large-scale food production to ensure food security. Food security is determined by the alignment of production capacity with population demand. Achieving food security necessitates the implementation of sustainable agricultural practices characterized by the integration of technologies. The implementation of smart farming practices for livestock farming can effectively optimize production capacity to meet the demands of the population. This endeavour aims to enhance both the productivity of food supply and agricultural sustainability within the smart livestock farming ecosystem by leveraging automa tion, data analytics, and advanced sensor technology towards fostering sustainable food security. This article reviews the techniques, parameters, IOT sensor technologies and data analysis using machine learning algorithms that will serve as the foundation for the development of the relevant livestock smart farming system for sustainable food security.